Locking device



Oct. 12, 1943. R. .Jos-HCH, JR., Erm. 2,331,555'

LOCKING DEVICE Filed June 2l, 1940 lIhwentors' 4 (Ittomegc u PatentedOct. 12, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT ortica LocKmG DEVICE Rudolph Jostich,Jr., and Eugene J. Phillips, Detroit, Mich.

Application June 21, 1946, Serial No. 341,600

3 Claims. y, (C1. 29-105) vide a new and improved holder or locking member for Yholding or locking a tool to a body or carrier to insureagainst movement of the tool relative to said body or carrier,

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved holderor locking member constructed to exert forces in several directions toinsure rigidly securing a tool to a body or carrier.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved holderor vlocking member constructed to expand peripherally and also to moverectilinearly in holding a tool to a body or carrier.

A further object of the invention is to provide a holder or lockingmember for the abovementioned purpose which is efficient for the purposeintended and one which is inexpensive to manufacture. f y

Other objects of the invention will become apparent from the followingdetailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawingin which- Fig. 1 is a top plan view of the holder or locking member;

Fig. 2 is a vertical central sectional view of the holder shown inposition to hold a tool to a body or carrier therefor;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary top plan view of the tool body or carrier; and

Figs. 4 and 5 are views respectively similar to Figs. 1 and 2 showing a,modified form of tool holder or device.

Referring to the drawing by characters of reference and first to Figs.1, 2 and 3, the numeral I designates generally a body or tool carrierhaving in a wall lila thereof an openingl I to receive a tool I2 whichmay be a cutting tool or any other tool or element to be releasably andrigidly held to the body Il). The tool I2 may have a serrated portion I4for increasing its grip ping power. As shown in Fig. 3, the toolreceiving opening I I is in the form of a slot which may extend throughone end IIa of the body I0, the slot II providing a flat side wallsurface I3@ against which one side of the tool I2 is held. Also in thewall Ia a, recess I3 is provided which intersects the slot II, therecess I3 having a cylindrical side wall portion I 5. In the recess I3there is a holder or locking member I6 for holding the tool rigidly tothe body It! against the wall I 3a of the slot II.

` The outer wall surface or periphery of the locking member I6 conformsor is complementary to the cylindrically shaped portion I5 of the recessI I, the locking member I5 having a cylindrically shaped portion Il anda attened wall portion I8 of which the latter is arranged to engage theinner at side of the tool I2.

A threaded, tapered bore 2li is provided through the locking member I6,the axis of the bore 20 extending longitudinally of but 01T center or,Yeccentric with respect to the axis of the cylindrical portion I1 of thelocking member. Preferably at the narrowest part of the wall of the bore2B, the locking member I6 is split by the provision of a slot 22 whichextends longitudinally of and preferably coextensive with the bore 20,Serewthreaded into the bore 2li there is a tapered "screw 23 'which whentightened down "causesl peripheral expansion of the locking member I6,which expansion is permitted by reason of thesplit or slot '22. Thisperipheral expansion of the locking-member I6 is illustrated by the dotand dashy lines 24. To provide desired peripheral expansion of thelocking member IS, a second slot 25 preferably diametrically oppositethe slot 22 is provided, this second slot extending toward but notrunning out of the attened wall portion I8 of the locking member I6.

In operation, it will be seen that when the screw 23 is tightened downit will expand the locking member IS peripherally, as illustrated by thedot and dash lines 24, and that the at wall I8 of the locking memberwill be deformed, as indicated by the dot and dash line I8a, with theresult that the locking member I6 will force the tool I2 laterally or toone side against the wall I3a to secure the tool rigidly to the body ortool carrier IB. As the tapered screw 23 is tightened down the bore 28is deformed such that cross sectionally it is of general elliptical formas indicated by the dot and dash lines 2da. This results in a four pointContact between the screw 23 and the wall of the bore which points ofcontact are designated A on the drawing. Ths four point contact isobtained by reason of the provision of the slots 22 and 25 and insuresagainst loosening of the screw 2i?.

Referring now to the modification shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the body I0'is similar to the previously described body Il but differs therefrom inthat the wall I3 is angularly disposed, the wall I3' and the axis of thenut 22 tendingto converge upwardly, as seen on the drawing.

Opposed to and spaced from the angularly disposed wall I3', the wall I8'of the locking member I5 is similarly angularly disposed and,consequently, the portion of the tool I2 held between walls I3 and I8 isangularly disposed with respect to the axis of the screw 23. In thisform of locking member, a lower end portion 2G of the screw 23 seatsagainst the recessed wall 21 of the opening or recess Il in the body Hl.As a result of the above arrangement, when the screw is tightened down,the locking member I6 is expanded thereby to urge the tool outwardlyagainst the body wall I3 and in addition, by reason of the screw 23engaging the wall 21, the locking member I6 is urged upwardly relativelyto the body I. This combined peripheral expansion and upwardly orrectilinear movement of the locking member I6' results in a wedgingaction of the tool between the wall surfaces I3 and I8 providing forrigidly securing the tool I2 to the body ID'. As in the previouslydescribed lock lli, the at wall I8 of the lock I6 is deformed, asillustrated, upon expansion of the lock and the screw 22 grips the wallof the bore at the points A'.

While we have sho-wn and described our invention in some detail it is tobe understood that the same is to be limited only by the appended claimsfor many changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention.

What we claim is:

l. In a tool holding device, a body having an opening to receive a tooland a partially circular hole extending into said opening, a holderpositioned in said hole and having a cutaway portion positioned toengage and hold the tool to said body, said holder having a taperedthreaded bore, a pair of diametrically opposite slots in the wall ofsaid bore and extending longitudinally thereof, one of said slotsextending through the wall of said bore and through the outer Wall ofsaid holder, said pair` of slots being directed substantiallyperpendicularly to said cutaway portion providing for peripheralexpansion of said holder, and a tapered screw in said bore to hold saidholder expanded.

2.y In a tool holding device, a body having an opening to receive a tooland a partially circular hole extending into said opening, a holderpositioned in said hole to engage and hold the tool to said body, saidholder having a partially cylindrical outer surface portion and alsohaving a cutaway portion for engaging the tool, slots in said holderdirected substantially perpendicularly to said cutaway portion andextending longitudinally of the axis of said cylindrical portion, athreaded bore in said holder with its axis disposed eccentrically of theaxis of said holder toward the side thereof remote from said cutawayportion and extending longitudinally of said slots, at least one of saidslots extending through the outer periphery of said holder and into saidbore to provide for peripheral expansion of said holder, and a taperedscrew in said bore to expand said holder and urge the tool tightlyagainst said body.

3. In a tool holding device, a body having an opening to receive a tooland a partially cylindrical hole extending into said opening, the walldefining said opening having a flattened portion Q5 for abutment by thetool and angularly disposed with respect to and extending longitudinallyof the axis of said cylindrical hole, a holder positioned in said hole,said holder having an outer cylindrical wall surface portion and havinga cutaway portion opposed to said flattened portion and engaging theopposite side of the tool, said cutaway portion being angularly disposedwith respect to the axis of said cylindrical holder portion andextending substantially parallel with said liattened portion, slots insaid holder directed toward said cutaway portion and providing forperipheren expansion thereof to force the tool laterally, a threadedbore through said holder with the axis of the bore extendinglongitudinally of the axis of said cylindrical holder portion anddisposed eccentrically thereto, and a tapered screw in said bore toexpand said holder and also acting to urge said holder longitudinally ofthe axis of said bore to aid in wedging 45 the tool between said holderand said body.

RUDOLPH JOSTICH, JR. EUGENE J. PHILLIPS.

